The following contents arise from the collaboration between the Civil Protection Department, the Sicilian Region and the Vesuvian and Etnean Observatories of Ingv - National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology. The content has been developed for the National exercise Vulcano 2022, also in view of the national communication campaign I don't take risks Volcano Island.
\n"},"fields":{"slug":"/approfondimento/vulcano-island-what-know/"},"field_tabella":null,"relationships":{"field_sottodominio":{"name":"Portale"},"field_riferimento_traduzione":{"fields":{"slug":"/approfondimento/cosa-sapere-isola-di-vulcano-0/"}},"field_immagine_singola":null,"field_mappa":null,"field_accordion":[{"field_titolo":"Question and answers","field_tabella":null,"field_testo":{"processed":"It is an active volcano
\nVulcano is the southest of the seven islands that make up the Aeolian archipelago, with an extension of 22 square kilometers and an altitude of 500m above sea level (Monte Aria) and represents the emerged part of a volcano with a base 900 meters below sea level. The principal eruptive centers considered active are the crater of La Fossa and the cones of Vulcanello.
The last eruption dates back to 1888-98. Since then the volcano is quiescent and shows strong activity of gas and steam emission with high temperature from the crater of La Fossa and close to Porto di Levante.
\nSince September 2021, the increases in the parameters of concentration and temperature of the monitored volcanic gases led to increase the alert to yellow, which indicates a potential state of disequilibrium of the volcano.
\nThe island counts about 1400 residents but during the summer it can host thousands of tourists.
\nIt is an active volcano
\nVulcano is the southest of the seven islands that make up the Aeolian archipelago, with an extension of 22 square kilometers and an altitude of 500m above sea level (Monte Aria) and represents the emerged part of a volcano with a base 900 meters below sea level. The principal eruptive centers considered active are the crater of La Fossa and the cones of Vulcanello.
The last eruption dates back to 1888-98. Since then the volcano is quiescent and shows strong activity of gas and steam emission with high temperature from the crater of La Fossa and close to Porto di Levante.
\nSince September 2021, the increases in the parameters of concentration and temperature of the monitored volcanic gases led to increase the alert to yellow, which indicates a potential state of disequilibrium of the volcano.
\nThe island counts about 1400 residents but during the summer it can host thousands of tourists.
\nIs it possible to predict volcanic activity?
\nOn Vulcano there is a monitoring system of geophysical and geochemical parameters (seismicity, soil deformation, gas composition and temperature, etc.), whose variations can identify possible evolutions of its state of activity. These variations could anticipate an eruption.
However, dangerous phenomena such as phreatic explosions - emissions of steam, water, ash, rock and volcanic bombs - can occur at any time without precursory signals that can be detected by the monitoring system.
\nHow the warning system works
\nThe national warning system for Italian volcanoes provides specific \" alert levels \" (GREEN, YELLOW, ORANGE, RED) describing the state of activity of the volcano according to the activity parameters of the monitoring system and the ongoing phenomena. Each level corresponds to increasingly important parameter variations and, in general, the possibility of occurrence of dangerous phenomena.
Some dangerous phenomena, such as phreatic explosions, can occur suddenly, regardless of the declared alert level.
\nIn order to cope with variations in the status of the volcano, the Civil Protection Department sets up different operational phases ( ATTENTION, PRE-ALARM, ALARM) that provide specific civil protection measures for risk mitigation and protection of the population. The operational phases are not necessarily linked to the level of alert, as they depend not only on the state of the volcano, but by operational choices related to different factors (eg number of people on the island according to the tourist season, etc.).
\nWhat can happen in case of an eruption?
\nAn eruption of Vulcano would be preceded by a series of important variations of the monitored parameters and by potentially dangerous phenomena, such as earthquakes, landslides or the increase of gas emissions from the crater and from the soil in different part of the island.
\nThe eruptions of Vulcano can have different intensity and occcur cyclically, even for years and are of two types:
What the national civil protection plan provides for?
\nThe national civil protection plan provides for the stay on the island only to citizens resident in the island in case of declaration of the pre-alarm phase. The declaration of the alarm phase will be followed by the evacuation of the entire island.
The population will be removed with ships from porto di Levante or molo di Gelso and molo di Ponente and, if necessary, with helicopters. The operational choices will also depend on the weather and sea conditions.
\nCitizens can choose whether to find autonomous accommodation and receive an economic contribution, or receive hospitality in the accommodation provided by the Region and the Municipality.
\nIn case of rapid changes in the status of the volcano, resulting in a rapid transition to a phase of alarm, without being passed through the pre-alarm phase, the tourists present on the island would also be removed promptly.
\nWhich other dangerous phenomena can derive from the volcanic activity?
\nOn the island are possible several dangerous phenomena related to the volcano activity, as earthquakes, landslides and tsunamis. Tsunamis can originate from the eruptive activity of the volcano, from submarine earthquakes of strong intensity in the Mediterranean Sea or from large landslides in other coastal locations (e.g. Stromboli) or on the island of Vulcano.
The most common phenomenon among the volcano's states of activity is the release of volcanic gases from the subsoil and the fumarole both in the crater area and in areas outside the cone of La Fossa ( for example, the residential areas of Porto di Levante). The gas consists primarily of carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and sulfur dioxide (SO2).
\nSuch gases can be very dangerous to the health of anyone staying on the island even temporarily and, in the case of high concentrations it can become lethal even for short-term periods of exposure. The gases are heavier than air and are influenced by atmospheric conditions and stratify towards the ground.
\nThe dangerous gases can affect the residential areas, especially Vulcano Porto, rising from the ground or coming from the crater and pushed down by the wind.
\n","value":"It is an active volcano
\r\nVulcano is the southest of the seven islands that make up the Aeolian archipelago, with an extension of 22 square kilometers and an altitude of 500m above sea level (Monte Aria) and represents the emerged part of a volcano with a base 900 meters below sea level. The principal eruptive centers considered active are the crater of La Fossa and the cones of Vulcanello.
The last eruption dates back to 1888-98. Since then the volcano is quiescent and shows strong activity of gas and steam emission with high temperature from the crater of La Fossa and close to Porto di Levante.
\r\n\r\nSince September 2021, the increases in the parameters of concentration and temperature of the monitored volcanic gases led to increase the alert to yellow, which indicates a potential state of disequilibrium of the volcano.
\r\n\r\nThe island counts about 1400 residents but during the summer it can host thousands of tourists.
\r\nIt is an active volcano
\r\nVulcano is the southest of the seven islands that make up the Aeolian archipelago, with an extension of 22 square kilometers and an altitude of 500m above sea level (Monte Aria) and represents the emerged part of a volcano with a base 900 meters below sea level. The principal eruptive centers considered active are the crater of La Fossa and the cones of Vulcanello.
The last eruption dates back to 1888-98. Since then the volcano is quiescent and shows strong activity of gas and steam emission with high temperature from the crater of La Fossa and close to Porto di Levante.
\r\n\r\nSince September 2021, the increases in the parameters of concentration and temperature of the monitored volcanic gases led to increase the alert to yellow, which indicates a potential state of disequilibrium of the volcano.
\r\n\r\nThe island counts about 1400 residents but during the summer it can host thousands of tourists.
\r\n\r\nIs it possible to predict volcanic activity?
\r\nOn Vulcano there is a monitoring system of geophysical and geochemical parameters (seismicity, soil deformation, gas composition and temperature, etc.), whose variations can identify possible evolutions of its state of activity. These variations could anticipate an eruption.
However, dangerous phenomena such as phreatic explosions - emissions of steam, water, ash, rock and volcanic bombs - can occur at any time without precursory signals that can be detected by the monitoring system.
\r\n\r\nHow the warning system works
\r\nThe national warning system for Italian volcanoes provides specific \" alert levels \" (GREEN, YELLOW, ORANGE, RED) describing the state of activity of the volcano according to the activity parameters of the monitoring system and the ongoing phenomena. Each level corresponds to increasingly important parameter variations and, in general, the possibility of occurrence of dangerous phenomena.
Some dangerous phenomena, such as phreatic explosions, can occur suddenly, regardless of the declared alert level.
\r\n\r\nIn order to cope with variations in the status of the volcano, the Civil Protection Department sets up different operational phases ( ATTENTION, PRE-ALARM, ALARM) that provide specific civil protection measures for risk mitigation and protection of the population. The operational phases are not necessarily linked to the level of alert, as they depend not only on the state of the volcano, but by operational choices related to different factors (eg number of people on the island according to the tourist season, etc.).
\r\n\r\nWhat can happen in case of an eruption?
\r\nAn eruption of Vulcano would be preceded by a series of important variations of the monitored parameters and by potentially dangerous phenomena, such as earthquakes, landslides or the increase of gas emissions from the crater and from the soil in different part of the island.
\r\nThe eruptions of Vulcano can have different intensity and occcur cyclically, even for years and are of two types:
What the national civil protection plan provides for?
\r\nThe national civil protection plan provides for the stay on the island only to citizens resident in the island in case of declaration of the pre-alarm phase. The declaration of the alarm phase will be followed by the evacuation of the entire island.
The population will be removed with ships from porto di Levante or molo di Gelso and molo di Ponente and, if necessary, with helicopters. The operational choices will also depend on the weather and sea conditions.
\r\n\r\nCitizens can choose whether to find autonomous accommodation and receive an economic contribution, or receive hospitality in the accommodation provided by the Region and the Municipality.
\r\n\r\nIn case of rapid changes in the status of the volcano, resulting in a rapid transition to a phase of alarm, without being passed through the pre-alarm phase, the tourists present on the island would also be removed promptly.
\r\n\r\nWhich other dangerous phenomena can derive from the volcanic activity?
\r\nOn the island are possible several dangerous phenomena related to the volcano activity, as earthquakes, landslides and tsunamis. Tsunamis can originate from the eruptive activity of the volcano, from submarine earthquakes of strong intensity in the Mediterranean Sea or from large landslides in other coastal locations (e.g. Stromboli) or on the island of Vulcano.
The most common phenomenon among the volcano's states of activity is the release of volcanic gases from the subsoil and the fumarole both in the crater area and in areas outside the cone of La Fossa ( for example, the residential areas of Porto di Levante). The gas consists primarily of carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and sulfur dioxide (SO2).
\r\n\r\nSuch gases can be very dangerous to the health of anyone staying on the island even temporarily and, in the case of high concentrations it can become lethal even for short-term periods of exposure. The gases are heavier than air and are influenced by atmospheric conditions and stratify towards the ground.
\r\n\r\nThe dangerous gases can affect the residential areas, especially Vulcano Porto, rising from the ground or coming from the crater and pushed down by the wind.
\r\n"},"relationships":{"field_immagine":null,"field_video":null,"field_link_interni":[{"__typename":"node__approfondimento","title":"Vulcano Exercise 2022","field_titolo_esteso":"Vulcano Exercise 2022","body":{"processed":"\"Vulcano 2022\" is a full-scale national exercise held on the Island of Vulcano from 7 to 9 April 2022, with the aim of testing \" on site\" the \"National Civil Protection Plan for volcanic risk on Vulcano Island\" of December 7, 2021.
\nThe exercise is organized by the Department of Civil Protection together with the Regional Department of Civil Protection of the Sicilian Region, the Prefecture - Territorial Office of the Government of Messina and the Municipality of Lipari (Me), with the National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (INGV) and other Centres of Competence (CNR-IREA, CNR IGAG, University of Florence).
\nThe exercise will also test for the first time It-alert, the public alert system that informs the population in real time. Through this system, mobile phones in a given geographical area receive information messages regarding major upcoming or ongoing emergencies or disasters. The message will be sent to everyone in the area affected by the emergency, through the cell broadcast system and will contain information about the risk scenario and the self-protection measures to adopt.
\n","value":"\"Vulcano 2022\" is a full-scale national exercise held on the Island of Vulcano from 7 to 9 April 2022, with the aim of testing \" on site\" the \"National Civil Protection Plan for volcanic risk on Vulcano Island\" of December 7, 2021.
\r\n\r\nThe exercise is organized by the Department of Civil Protection together with the Regional Department of Civil Protection of the Sicilian Region, the Prefecture - Territorial Office of the Government of Messina and the Municipality of Lipari (Me), with the National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (INGV) and other Centres of Competence (CNR-IREA, CNR IGAG, University of Florence).
\r\n\r\nThe exercise will also test for the first time It-alert, the public alert system that informs the population in real time. Through this system, mobile phones in a given geographical area receive information messages regarding major upcoming or ongoing emergencies or disasters. The message will be sent to everyone in the area affected by the emergency, through the cell broadcast system and will contain information about the risk scenario and the self-protection measures to adopt.
\r\n"},"field_abstract":{"processed":"April 7-9, 2022 - Volcano - Volcanic risk
\n","value":"April 7-9, 2022 - Volcano - Volcanic risk
\r\n"},"field_data":"2022-04-05T18:28:07+02:00","field_categoria_primaria":"approfondimento","field_codice_lingua":true,"fields":{"slug":"/approfondimento/vulcano-exercise-2022/"},"relationships":{"field_sottodominio":{"name":"Portale"},"field_immagine_anteprima":{"field_alt":"Logo esercitazione Vulcano 2022","field_didascalia":"Logo esercitazione Vulcano 2022","relationships":{"image":{"localFile":{"publicURL":"/static/ab9db2ca72acc17ac44b40c50642a359/exevulcano2022_1.png","childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"aspectRatio":1.5037593984962405,"src":"/static/ab9db2ca72acc17ac44b40c50642a359/ee604/exevulcano2022_1.png","srcSet":"/static/ab9db2ca72acc17ac44b40c50642a359/69585/exevulcano2022_1.png 200w,\n/static/ab9db2ca72acc17ac44b40c50642a359/497c6/exevulcano2022_1.png 400w,\n/static/ab9db2ca72acc17ac44b40c50642a359/ee604/exevulcano2022_1.png 800w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}}},"field_immagine_dettaglio":{"field_alt":"Logo esercitazione Vulcano 2022","field_didascalia":"Logo esercitazione Vulcano 2022","relationships":{"image":{"localFile":{"publicURL":"/static/ab9db2ca72acc17ac44b40c50642a359/exevulcano2022_1.png","childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"aspectRatio":1.5037593984962405,"src":"/static/ab9db2ca72acc17ac44b40c50642a359/ee604/exevulcano2022_1.png","srcSet":"/static/ab9db2ca72acc17ac44b40c50642a359/69585/exevulcano2022_1.png 200w,\n/static/ab9db2ca72acc17ac44b40c50642a359/497c6/exevulcano2022_1.png 400w,\n/static/ab9db2ca72acc17ac44b40c50642a359/ee604/exevulcano2022_1.png 800w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}}}}}]},"drupal_internal__id":19136},{"field_titolo":"What to know and what to do ","field_tabella":null,"field_testo":{"processed":"what to know
\nWhat to do
\nWith simple actions you can prepare yourself to deal with a possible emergency:
\n\n
KNOWLEDGE OF THE RISK AND OF RULES OF CONDUCT CAN SAVE YOUR LIFE
\nIt is important that everyone, residents or tourists, play their role to contribute to the success of civil protection activities. Share what you know with your family, school, work and friends.
\n\n","value":"
what to know
\r\n\r\nWhat to do
\r\n\r\nWith simple actions you can prepare yourself to deal with a possible emergency:
\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
KNOWLEDGE OF THE RISK AND OF RULES OF CONDUCT CAN SAVE YOUR LIFE
\r\n\r\nIt is important that everyone, residents or tourists, play their role to contribute to the success of civil protection activities. Share what you know with your family, school, work and friends.
\r\n\r\n\r\n"},"relationships":{"field_immagine":null,"field_video":null,"field_link_interni":[]},"drupal_internal__id":19137}],"field_tab":[],"field_immagine_dettaglio":null,"field_immagine_anteprima":null,"field_galleria_flickr":null,"field_galleria_foto":null,"field_galleria_video":null,"field_allegati":[],"field_correlazioni":[{"__typename":"node__approfondimento","title":"Vulcano Exercise 2022","field_titolo_esteso":"Vulcano Exercise 2022","body":{"processed":"
\"Vulcano 2022\" is a full-scale national exercise held on the Island of Vulcano from 7 to 9 April 2022, with the aim of testing \" on site\" the \"National Civil Protection Plan for volcanic risk on Vulcano Island\" of December 7, 2021.
\nThe exercise is organized by the Department of Civil Protection together with the Regional Department of Civil Protection of the Sicilian Region, the Prefecture - Territorial Office of the Government of Messina and the Municipality of Lipari (Me), with the National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (INGV) and other Centres of Competence (CNR-IREA, CNR IGAG, University of Florence).
\nThe exercise will also test for the first time It-alert, the public alert system that informs the population in real time. Through this system, mobile phones in a given geographical area receive information messages regarding major upcoming or ongoing emergencies or disasters. The message will be sent to everyone in the area affected by the emergency, through the cell broadcast system and will contain information about the risk scenario and the self-protection measures to adopt.
\n","value":"\"Vulcano 2022\" is a full-scale national exercise held on the Island of Vulcano from 7 to 9 April 2022, with the aim of testing \" on site\" the \"National Civil Protection Plan for volcanic risk on Vulcano Island\" of December 7, 2021.
\r\n\r\nThe exercise is organized by the Department of Civil Protection together with the Regional Department of Civil Protection of the Sicilian Region, the Prefecture - Territorial Office of the Government of Messina and the Municipality of Lipari (Me), with the National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (INGV) and other Centres of Competence (CNR-IREA, CNR IGAG, University of Florence).
\r\n\r\nThe exercise will also test for the first time It-alert, the public alert system that informs the population in real time. Through this system, mobile phones in a given geographical area receive information messages regarding major upcoming or ongoing emergencies or disasters. The message will be sent to everyone in the area affected by the emergency, through the cell broadcast system and will contain information about the risk scenario and the self-protection measures to adopt.
\r\n"},"field_abstract":{"processed":"April 7-9, 2022 - Volcano - Volcanic risk
\n","value":"April 7-9, 2022 - Volcano - Volcanic risk
\r\n"},"field_data":"2022-04-05T18:28:07+02:00","field_categoria_primaria":"approfondimento","field_codice_lingua":true,"fields":{"slug":"/approfondimento/vulcano-exercise-2022/"},"relationships":{"field_sottodominio":{"name":"Portale"},"field_immagine_anteprima":{"field_alt":"Logo esercitazione Vulcano 2022","field_didascalia":"Logo esercitazione Vulcano 2022","relationships":{"image":{"localFile":{"publicURL":"/static/ab9db2ca72acc17ac44b40c50642a359/exevulcano2022_1.png","childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"aspectRatio":1.5037593984962405,"src":"/static/ab9db2ca72acc17ac44b40c50642a359/ee604/exevulcano2022_1.png","srcSet":"/static/ab9db2ca72acc17ac44b40c50642a359/69585/exevulcano2022_1.png 200w,\n/static/ab9db2ca72acc17ac44b40c50642a359/497c6/exevulcano2022_1.png 400w,\n/static/ab9db2ca72acc17ac44b40c50642a359/ee604/exevulcano2022_1.png 800w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}}},"field_immagine_dettaglio":{"field_alt":"Logo esercitazione Vulcano 2022","field_didascalia":"Logo esercitazione Vulcano 2022","relationships":{"image":{"localFile":{"publicURL":"/static/ab9db2ca72acc17ac44b40c50642a359/exevulcano2022_1.png","childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"aspectRatio":1.5037593984962405,"src":"/static/ab9db2ca72acc17ac44b40c50642a359/ee604/exevulcano2022_1.png","srcSet":"/static/ab9db2ca72acc17ac44b40c50642a359/69585/exevulcano2022_1.png 200w,\n/static/ab9db2ca72acc17ac44b40c50642a359/497c6/exevulcano2022_1.png 400w,\n/static/ab9db2ca72acc17ac44b40c50642a359/ee604/exevulcano2022_1.png 800w","sizes":"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px"}}}}}}}},{"__typename":"node__approfondimento","title":"Are you prepared? Volcanic risk at Vulcano Island","field_titolo_esteso":"Are you prepared? Volcanic risk at Vulcano Island","body":{"processed":"The following contents arise from the collaboration between the Civil Protection Department, the Sicilian Region and the Vesuvian and Etnean Observatories of Ingv - National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology. The content has been developed for the National exercise Vulcano 2022, and also in view of the national communication campaign I don't take risks Volcano Island.
\nThe rules of conduct refer specifically to each operational phase (attention, early warning and alarm) that the Civil Protection Department adopts, together with the Sicilian Region, to cope with changes in the state of activity of the volcano.
\n
The following contents arise from the collaboration between the Civil Protection Department, the Sicilian Region and the Vesuvian and Etnean Observatories of Ingv - National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology. The content has been developed for the National exercise Vulcano 2022, and also in view of the national communication campaign I don't take risks Volcano Island.
\r\n\r\nThe rules of conduct refer specifically to each operational phase (attention, early warning and alarm) that the Civil Protection Department adopts, together with the Sicilian Region, to cope with changes in the state of activity of the volcano.
\r\n